{"id":4254,"date":"2026-05-30T18:17:33","date_gmt":"2026-05-30T18:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zic.legal\/?page_id=4254"},"modified":"2026-09-27T08:50:28","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T08:50:28","slug":"drept-penal-al-afacerilor","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/zic.legal\/ro\/arii-de-practica\/drept-penal-al-afacerilor\/","title":{"rendered":"Avocat drept penal al afacerilor"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\n.zic-pp{--v:#8980f5;--vd:#4a2d7e;--cy:#00baba;--mono:ui-monospace,'Cascadia Mono','Segoe UI Mono','SF Mono',Menlo,Consolas,'Liberation Mono',monospace;background:#323232;color:#ece9f3;border-radius:18px;overflow:hidden;max-width:1080px;margin:28px auto;font-family:'Euclid Flex Regular',-apple-system,Segoe UI,sans-serif;line-height:1.6}\n.zic-pp *{box-sizing:border-box}\n.zic-pp a{color:var(--v);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(137,128,245,.45)}\n.zic-pp a:hover{color:#fff;border-color:#fff}\n.zic-pp .pp-hero{padding:64px 48px 46px}\n.zic-pp 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16px;padding:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px}\n.zic-pp .pcard .pcreds li{font-size:13.5px;color:#c7c2d8;padding-left:15px;position:relative;line-height:1.4}\n.zic-pp .pcard .pcreds li:before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;top:7px;width:5px;height:5px;border-radius:50%;background:#8980f5}\n.zic-pp .pcard .pcreds a{color:#c7c2d8!important;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(199,194,216,.4)}\n.zic-pp .pcard .pcreds a:hover{color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff}\n.zic-pp .pcard a.prof{margin-top:auto;color:#a99bf5!important;font-family:'Euclid Flex Bold',sans-serif;font-size:14px;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(169,155,245,.4);align-self:flex-start}\n.zic-pp .pcard a.prof:hover{color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff}\n@media(max-width:900px){.zic-pp .team{padding-left:22px;padding-right:22px}.zic-pp .pcard{max-width:none}}\n\/* h2.lab: etichetele de sectiune sunt heading-uri semantice; Avada forteaza heading-urile cu !important, deci re-afirmam forma originala *\/\n.zic-pp h2.lab{font-family:var(--mono)!important;font-size:12px!important;font-weight:400!important;line-height:1.6!important;letter-spacing:.16em!important;text-transform:uppercase!important;margin:0 0 26px!important;padding:0!important;text-align:inherit!important}\n.zic-pp.dark h2.lab{color:var(--v)!important}\n.zic-pp.light h2.lab{color:#4a2d7e!important}\n.zic-pp .team h2.lab{color:#b9b2e6!important;margin:0 0 22px!important}\n.zic-pp .tel a{display:inline-block;padding:5px 0}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"zic-pp light\">\n<section class=\"pp-hero\">\n<div class=\"kick\">Practice area \u00b7 economic and business crime<\/div>\n<h1>White-collar crime<span class=\"dot\">.<\/span><\/h1>\n<p class=\"sub\">White-collar crime lawyer for directors, companies and professionals in economic cases: tax evasion, money laundering, embezzlement, abuse of office and corruption-related offences.<\/p>\n<div class=\"act\"><a class=\"cta\" style=\"color:#fff!important\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/40748149840?text=Bun%C4%83%20ziua%2C%20a%C8%99%20dori%20o%20consulta%C8%9Bie.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Book a consultation on WhatsApp \u2192<\/a><span class=\"tel\">or call \u00b7 <a href=\"tel:+40748149840\">+40 748 149 840<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pp-sec\">\n<h2 class=\"lab\">When you need a lawyer<\/h2>\n<div class=\"list\">\n<div class=\"it\">\n<div class=\"nu\">01<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Your company is the subject of a DNA or DIICOT inquiry<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"it\">\n<div class=\"nu\">02<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>An accusation of tax evasion or money laundering<span class=\"ref\">\/\/ Law 241\/2005 \u00b7 Law 129\/2019<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"it\">\n<div class=\"nu\">03<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>An accusation of embezzlement, abuse of office or corruption-related offences<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"it\">\n<div class=\"nu\">04<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>A seizure has been placed on the company\u2019s accounts or assets<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pp-sec\">\n<h2 class=\"lab\">How we work<\/h2>\n<div class=\"steps\">\n<div class=\"st\">\n<div class=\"n\">\/01<\/div>\n<h3>Assessing the accusation<\/h3>\n<p>We analyse the accusation, the investigation file and the real criminal risk for the individual and the company.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"st\">\n<div class=\"n\">\/02<\/div>\n<h3>Reviewing the file<\/h3>\n<p>We examine the lawfulness of the investigative acts, the freezing orders and the evidence gathered.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"st\">\n<div class=\"n\">\/03<\/div>\n<h3>Strategy<\/h3>\n<p>We build the defence strategy on the merits, aimed at the best possible outcome at every stage of the case.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"team\">\n<h2 class=\"lab\">Who represents you<\/h2>\n<p class=\"pid\" style=\"max-width:68ch;margin:0 auto 30px;text-align:center;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;color:#d8d4e4\">Dr George Zlati is a partner at ZIC Legal (Zlati Ionescu Chiperi SCA), based in Cluj-Napoca and practising nationwide. As counsel, he drafted and argued the constitutional challenges upheld by the Constitutional Court in Decisions no. 87\/2019 and no. 233\/2021, and in 2020 he received the \u201cVintil\u0103 Dongoroz\u201d Prize of the Union of Jurists of Romania.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pcards\">\n<div class=\"pcard\">\n<div class=\"frame\" style=\"--pc1:#a7abb8;--pc2:#3a3550\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Zlati_Close_Up.jpg\" alt=\"av. dr. George Zlati\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"694\" height=\"894\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"pnm\">George Zlati<\/div>\n<div class=\"pti\">Partner \u00b7 economic crime and cybercrime \u00b7 PhD in law<\/div>\n<ul class=\"pcreds\">\n<li>Author, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.editurasolomon.ro\/produs\/tratat-de-criminalitate-informatica-vol-i\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Treatise on Cybercrime<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Cited in binding \u00ceCCJ rulings<\/li>\n<li>External collaborator, INM<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/publicatii\/\">Vintil\u0103 Dongoroz Award 2020<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"prof\" href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/team\/zlatigeorge\/\">Full profile \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"pcard\">\n<div class=\"frame\" style=\"--pc1:#79c7e0;--pc2:#164a63\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Vlad_Close_Up.jpg\" alt=\"Vlad Ulici\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"694\" height=\"894\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"pnm\">Vlad Ulici<\/div>\n<div class=\"pti\">Associate \u00b7 criminal law \u00b7 criminal sciences (LL.M.)<\/div>\n<ul class=\"pcreds\">\n<li>Corruption &amp; abuse-of-office offences<\/li>\n<li>Cybercrime<\/li>\n<li>Economic offences<\/li>\n<li>LL.M. criminal sciences (top of class)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a class=\"prof\" href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/team\/ulicivlad\/\">Full profile \u2192<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pp-sec\">\n<h2 class=\"lab\">Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq\">\n<details open>\n<summary>What do I do if my company is targeted by a DNA or DIICOT investigation?<\/summary>\n<p>The first step is not to communicate or hand over documents without legal advice. Early assistance protects both the individual and the company. <a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/infractiuni-competenta-diicot\/\">See which offences fall under DIICOT jurisdiction<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can a seizure on the company\u2019s accounts be lifted?<\/summary>\n<p>Such a measure can be challenged if it is disproportionate or ordered without sufficient basis. We assess the proportionality and lawfulness of the measure.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>What is the difference between abuse of office and a simple management mistake?<\/summary>\n<p>The difference lies in the rule that was breached. Abuse of office (art. 297 of the Criminal Code) requires the official to fail to perform an act provided for by a law, a Government ordinance or another act with the force of law, or to perform it in breach of a provision of such an act, thereby causing a loss or an injury to the rights or legitimate interests of a person. Obtaining a benefit is not an element of the offence. A management decision that was merely inopportune or unsuccessful, taken without breaching such a provision, falls outside it.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>How are corruption offences such as bribery or trading in influence handled?<\/summary>\n<p>Corruption offences (taking and giving a bribe, art. 289-290 of the Criminal Code, and trading in influence, art. 291) are investigated mainly by the DNA. The defence often turns on whether a genuine quid pro quo existed and on the precise legal classification of the facts.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can money laundering be charged together with the underlying offence?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes. Money laundering (art. 49 of Law 129\/2019) is autonomous and is frequently charged alongside the offence that generated the funds; the prosecution must still prove their criminal origin. <a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/spalare-de-bani\/\">See our money laundering practice<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Does the offence of embezzlement also apply to administrators and employees?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes. Embezzlement (art. 295 of the Criminal Code) consists in appropriating, using or trafficking money, valuables or other assets that the offender manages or administers, in their own interest or for another person. The text is written for public officials, but art. 308 of the Criminal Code also applies it to administrators, employees and anyone else who holds a position of any kind within a legal person, with the special limits of the penalty reduced by one third. The existence and the real extent of the loss are central to the defence.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Can a witness be assisted by a lawyer during questioning?<\/summary>\n<p>Yes. If a witness attends questioning accompanied by a lawyer, the lawyer may be present (art. 118 (4) of the Criminal Procedure Code). The witness has the right not to state facts that would incriminate them, and evidence obtained in breach of that right cannot be used against them in any criminal proceedings. There is, however, no general right to refuse to testify. Under HP no. 54\/2026, refusing to give a statement outside the cases provided by law may amount to false testimony. In economic cases a witness is often a step away from becoming a suspect, so legal assistance matters from the first summons.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pp-sec\">\n<h2 class=\"lab\">Related areas<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards\">\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/criminalitate-informatica\/\">Cybercrime<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/extradare-mandat-european\/\">Extradition &amp; European Arrest Warrant<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/perchezitie-probe-digitale\/\">Digital searches &amp; electronic evidence<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/avocat-drept-penal-cluj-napoca\/\">Criminal lawyer in Cluj-Napoca<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/\">All practice areas<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pp-sec\">\n<h2 class=\"lab\">What we handle<\/h2>\n<div class=\"cards\">\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/evaziune-fiscala\/\">Tax evasion<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/spalare-de-bani\/\">Money laundering<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/frauda-bancara\/\">Bank fraud<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/abuz-in-serviciu-fonduri-europene\/\">Abuse of office &amp; EU funds<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"card\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/zic.legal\/arii-de-practica\/aparare-dna-diicot-eppo\/\">DNA, DIICOT &amp; EPPO defence<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"pp-cta\">\n<h2>Protect your company from the very first moment<span class=\"dot\">.<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>What you state and hand over in the first days sets the frame in which the prosecution is built. Many irreparable mistakes are made before the file is even read.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"cta\" style=\"color:#fff!important\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/40748149840?text=Bun%C4%83%20ziua%2C%20a%C8%99%20dori%20o%20consulta%C8%9Bie.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Message us on WhatsApp \u2192<\/a><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Practice area \u00b7 economic and business crime White-collar crime. White-collar crime lawyer for directors, companies and professionals in economic cases: tax evasion, money laundering, embezzlement, abuse of office and corruption-related offences. Book a consultation on WhatsApp \u2192or call \u00b7 +40 748 149 840 When you need a lawyer 01 Your company is  [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"parent":4252,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Business Criminal Law Lawyer | ZIC Legal","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Business criminal law lawyer: defending executives and companies in white-collar crime cases. ZIC Legal.","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4254","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Business Criminal Law Lawyer | ZIC Legal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Business criminal law lawyer: defending executives and companies in white-collar crime cases. 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