(WhatsApp\/Signal).<\/strong><\/p>\nIntroduction<\/h2>\n
When your business, data or reputation is at stake, you need a defence lawyer who speaks both \u2018law\u2019 and \u2018tech\u2019. I am a Partner at ZIC.legal<\/strong>, focused on cybercrime<\/strong>, crypto\u2011assets<\/strong>, digital evidence<\/strong>, white\u2011collar defence<\/strong>, and extraditions (EAW)<\/strong>. I hold a PhD in Cybercrime<\/strong>, teach cybercrime at university level, and serve as an external lecturer to Romania\u2019s National Institute of Magistracy (NIM)<\/strong>. My publications, including the first Romanian Treatise on Cybercrime<\/strong>, have been cited by the \u00ceCCJ in preliminary rulings and appeals in the interest of the law.<\/p>\nWhat I do (for individuals, founders, tech companies & co\u2011counsel)<\/h2>\n\n- \n
Cybercrime defence in Romania:<\/strong> illegal access, data interference, system interference, illegal interception, computer fraud, phishing and malware\u2011related cases. I advise from the first summons through trial, working closely with forensic experts.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Crypto-asset cases & MiCA-ready compliance:<\/strong> tracing on\u2011chain transactions, contesting seizures, asset recovery, and advisory on MiCA<\/strong> obligations for issuers and CASPs operating in or targeting the EU.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Searches, seizures & digital forensics:<\/strong> rapid response for home\/office and computer searches<\/strong>, device imaging, chain\u2011of\u2011custody issues, suppression strategies for unlawfully obtained e\u2011evidence.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
White\u2011collar defence & internal investigations:<\/strong> fraud, misconduct, misuse of IT assets, and compliance audits that reduce enforcement risk.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Extraditions & European Arrest Warrant:<\/strong> defence on surrender, fundamental\u2011rights objections, and coordination with foreign counsel.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nLegal basis (Romania & EU)<\/h2>\n
Romanian cybercrime offences are primarily set out in the Criminal Code<\/strong>, covering illegal access<\/strong> (art. 360), illegal interception<\/strong> (art. 361), data integrity interference<\/strong> (art. 362) and related offences.<\/p>\nOn procedure, the Criminal Procedure Code<\/strong> regulates computer searches and access to a system<\/strong> (art. 168) and the special surveillance methods<\/strong> (art. 138), including \u2018access to an information system\u2019. For asset freezing, arts. 249\u2013252 CPP<\/strong> set out the general conditions and seizure procedure, which are often relied upon to freeze crypto\u2011assets in criminal proceedings.<\/p>\nProcedural & evidentiary specifics<\/h2>\n\n- \n
Early intervention during computer searches:<\/strong> Romanian law requires judicial authorisation and safeguards for computer searches and access<\/strong>; challenging scope and execution can be decisive (e.g. over\u2011collection, integrity of forensic images, hash validation).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Digital evidence, handled properly:<\/strong> I align forensic work with art. 168 CPP<\/strong> (computer searches), art. 138 CPP<\/strong> (special methods of surveillance or investigation) and best practice in chain\u2011of\u2011custody, to admit the reliable and exclude the tainted.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Crypto seizure & recovery:<\/strong> Prosecutors and courts may apply arts. 249\u2013252 CPP<\/strong> to freeze assets. Defence focuses on lawful basis, proportionality and precise asset identification (including distinguishing custodial vs. self\u2011custody).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nTypical matters I handle<\/h2>\n
I represent both individuals under investigation<\/strong> and victims of cybercrime<\/strong>. My work spans a wide range of cybercrime offences<\/strong>, including:<\/p>\n\n- \n
Crypto-asset misappropriation<\/strong> and fraudulent transactions<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Smart contract manipulation<\/strong> and other blockchain-related exploits, where vulnerabilities are abused to divert assets or trigger unintended outcomes.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Seed phrase misappropriation<\/strong> and wallet compromises<\/strong>, where stolen keys result in asset loss.<\/li>\n
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Illegal access to computer systems<\/strong> and data interference<\/strong>, often involving corporate networks, insider threats or compromised credentials.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- \n
Computer fraud<\/strong> and carding<\/strong> cases, involving phishing, malware, cloned cards or stolen credentials.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Identity theft<\/strong> in both financial and non-financial contexts, often linked to account takeovers and fraudulent transactions.<\/li>\n
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Child pornography.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nI also act for victims of investment scams<\/strong>, including fake trading platforms, crypto Ponzi schemes and online fraud networks. In these cases, I file and pursue criminal complaints<\/strong>, work with forensic experts for on-chain tracing<\/strong>, and coordinate with authorities to increase the chance of asset recovery<\/strong>.<\/p>\nBeyond defence and litigation, I provide legal consultancy<\/strong> to companies and founders on cybercrime prevention, MiCA-compliant structures and risk management<\/strong>, helping to mitigate exposure before investigations arise.<\/p>\nTo support this work, I collaborate with a specialised OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) and incident response team<\/strong>, enabling rapid identification of digital footprints, threat actors and compromised infrastructure. The same team supplies the forensic and investigative material that the defence uses in court.<\/p>\nFAQ<\/h2>\n\n
\nWhat does a \u2018cybercrime lawyer Romania\u2019 actually cover?<\/summary>\nEverything from
illegal access<\/strong> and interception<\/strong> to computer fraud<\/strong>, device searches and digital forensics. Cases often turn on proper authorisation, logging, and how evidence was obtained.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\nCan crypto\u2011assets be frozen in a Romanian investigation?<\/summary>\nYes. Prosecutors or courts may order asset\u2011freezing under
arts. 249\u2013252 CPP<\/strong>. Defence examines necessity, proportionality and the technical pathway (custodial exchange vs. non\u2011custodial wallet).<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\nI\u2019ve received an EAW. Can you help?<\/summary>\nYes. I defend surrender proceedings, challenge defects and coordinate parallel strategies in the issuing state. The framework is
2002\/584\/JHA<\/strong>.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\nDo you work with international clients and co\u2011counsel?<\/summary>\nYes, I routinely coordinate with foreign counsel on EAW and cross\u2011border criminal cases.<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n